In case they might be useful, I have attached another couple of (forced) crash reports for a different environment (Linux i386 running on amd64) under two different JVMs. This has been seen when running 14w25b, 14w26c and 14w28b, but was not seen in 14w21b and earlier.
My tests concur with those reported in other comments – this seems to be resolved, temporarily, by any of:
Switching to a render distance of 4 or higher.
Showing chat input (t).
Having chat history visible on the screen (before it fades).
I have also seen the correct rendering appear for brief periods (well under a second) when walking around the world, but have yet to narrow down what is causing that. I will update if I do manage to positively identify the circumstances.
Attachments: crash-2014-07-12_00.04.54-client.txt
, crash-2014-07-12_00.27.13-client.txt
Occurs for me in 14w29a and 14w29b.
Attached options.txt for video settings.