I just tested it on 1.20 and it still happens. I updated my post and added some more screenshots.
I'm playing on Java 1.19.1 and am having the same issue. If you have a waterlogged top slab then endermen can still spawn on it.
I did right click it, but nothing happened. There wasn't a block there, even though I had placed one.
I just tested it on 1.20 and it still happens. I updated my post and added some more screenshots.