I am having this issue as well on my laptop and it is making it impossible to play with my friends on slightly advanced servers with custom mechanics and resource packs and effects on the screen. After a little while the graphics also freeze fully, and the game needs to be restarted for it to work again.
I am facing a very similar, or perhaps the exact same bug. As you mentioned, it’s a little hard to understand. I’m on Arch Linux using KDE Plasma with Wayland. My GPU is a GTX 1070. The whole system is up to date as of writing.