Unless it is supposed to be unaffected, I don't think there should be the same amount of particles on all three settings. For slow computers, like mine, it makes me break two blocks at once after a two second lag spike.
Whether or not the double block-break has been fixed or not is beyond me, however it seems like nothing has changed with the amount of particles that appear after a block is broken. (1.6.4)
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I believe that this is intended (similar to eating and explosion particles)
http://minecraft.gamepedia.com/Particle#History (scroll up a little)
Is this still a concern in the current Minecraft version 1.6.4 / Launcher version 1.2.5 ? If so, please update the affected versions in order to best aid Mojang ensuring bugs are still valid in the latest releases/pre-releases.