What I expected to happen was...
Zombies can always see the villagers no matter the villagers are in a house or any area.
What actually happened was...
Zombies are unable to see the villagers if the villagers are in a house or behind a wall.
Before version 1.14, zombies would able to see villagers through houses or walls, but after the Village & Pillage update, this feature is no longer works, the zombie's behavior seems broken, and this change is not listed in the changelog.
Since zombies are no longer able to see villagers through walls, they now requires to breaking doors by random pathfinding if they has CanBreakDoors NBT tag, but they usually fails when tries to break doors by random pathfinding (they just trying to break the door a few times, then give up breaking the doors and walk away). So the zombies can only reach and see the villager if the house's door is not closed, and I did not see anything about the behavior being removed when I looked on the wiki, and the wiki still describing this point. (see the attached image below).
I found that this issue is not present in the Bedrock Edition, possibly classifying things as a parity issue because it's not Bedrock exclusive.
Relates to MC-148379.
Linked issues
relates to 2
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The following is quoted from the description:
The zombies can see though walls before the snapshot 19w13a, dues the MC-110510 was fixed, the zombies can no longer see though walls.
This is a vaild parity issue because the feature was exists in 1.13 and prior versions.
We are only tracking parity issues that meet both of the following criteria:
The feature affected by the parity issue is present in both Java Edition and Bedrock Edition.
The parity issue was introduced in Buzzy Bees (Bedrock Edition 1.14 / Java Edition 1.15) or later.
Any parity issue that does not meet these criteria should be posted on the feedback server instead.
Based on the resolution of MC-266967(WAI), MC-110510(Fixed) and MC-2310(Fixed), and my observations of how the zombie AI is functioning, it's very likely that it's WAI.
The following are my observations:
When there is no path to the target, zombies will not actively try to approach the target.
When the target comes into view and there is a path to the target, the zombie will aggressively approach the target, but as soon as the path to the target is lost, the zombie will passively approach the target again.