Certain blocks will play their breaking sounds and particles if you break a dependent support block (instead of that block itself). This includes:
Tall/double tallgrass (but not flowers)
Vines, but not ladders, buttons or torches
Double blocks (doors, double tallgrass, beds etc). If you break one half of a double block, it will play breaking sounds for the other half as well, causing the sound to appear to play twice.
Linked issues
relates to 1
Comments 3

Probably Works as Intended as per the resolution of MC-122251.
Cleaning up old tickets: This ticket has not been updated recently (~1 year+) so is being closed as Cannot Reproduce. If you feel this is still a valid issue then please comment, or create a new ticket following the Issue Guidelines.
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For vines, the sound also plays if the leaf block it is attached to despawns on its own.