Can you maybe fetch the world seed and load a new world with the seed, then compare to your corrupted world and return feedback (screenshots + f3, and your seed)?
This doesn't seem reproducible default in Minecraft configurations, verify you aren't on any 3rd party client and or any resource pack is not enabled ..
The result of loading a previous version in a newer version will sometimes conclude in a few regenerated chunks, as newer versions can not interpret some old content and regenerate as a result.