I'm pretty sure the fire damage values do carry over across all dimensions. Perhaps you reached the end of your burn time right when you traveled to the overworld?
This is still an issue in 1.17.10. I just tested it to confirm.
[media]I understand that the animation was created for foxes, and I was not trying to get the evoker to sleep, however, with all of the other playanimation commands that I have used, mobs that should not do anything simply don't respond. For example, a skeleton did not respond to /playanimation @e casting spell 1. I'm just saying that if you use an animation on an entity that should not be able to play this animation, it should not respond at all, and in this instance, the evoker responded in a very strange and unnatural way.
Ok I just tested this, and it looks like you may be correct about this being a bug, but I really don't think it's an issue. I put fire directly next to the nether portal, and when I arrived in the Overworld, I was no longer burning. However, the time it takes the fire to put itself out naturally is almost exactly the same amount of time it took me to actually change dimensions once entering the portal. What I mean by that is I was never able to see myself burning in the Overworld, simply because the amount of time it took to get there was long enough for it to go out naturally.