If you close an application without giving it any time to finish what it's doing (e. g. power outage, kill via task manager), it's inevitable that things will break. In your case, it seems that Minecraft was in the middle of writing the <player>.dat file when you force closed it. The next time you started it, Minecraft detected that the file was invalid and ignored it, generating a new blank one instead.
This happens because the stats are increased automatically when a right click on a block succeeds, and all items that can be right clicked in the air have their own code to increase stats. The fireworks don't have any of that code, so they use the automatic stat increasing system when right clicked on a block, but no stats are modified when it's right clicked in air (to boost elytra flight).
The fix would be to add that one line of code to increase the use stats when fireworks are right clicked in air. Using MCP names, that would be playerIn.addStat(StatList.getObjectUseStats(this));
inside ItemFireworks.onItemRightClick
.
An easy fix would be to reset the fall distance to 0 if a) the entity's Y motion is more than (or equal to) 0 (they are moving upwards) or b) the entity has the levitation effect. Also, there should be an option to preserve/override speed in the "tp" command (which should also reset the fall distance).
(Also, confirmed for 1.10.2)
Confirmed for 1.10.2 and 16w32b
Naah, I just left the launcher open (Edit Profile -> Launcher Visiblility -> Keep the laucher open)
console log, with my username replaced by USERNAME
Please put each bug in a separate bug report. That makes management much easier.