The bug
As per the WAI resolution of MC-122251, blocks that require support should play a breaking sound and show particles as if they were broken when their support block is destroyed, replaced, or otherwise removed.
However, the following blocks do not do this when the block beneath them is removed:
Rails of all types
Redstone wire
Redstone repeaters and comparators
Linked issues
Attachments
Comments

Affects 1.13

Affects 1.13-pre3

Affects 1.13-pre4

Affects 1.13-pre5

Affects 1.13-pre6

Affects 1.13-pre7

Affects 1.13-pre8

Affects 1.13-pre9

Affects 18w30a

Affects 18w31a

Still affecting the full release of 1.13.1

Affects 18w47a

Affects 18w47b

Affects 18w48a

Affects 18w48b, can I request ownership of the ticket?

Affects 18w49a

Affects 18w50a

Affects 1.15pre7

Affects 20w21a

Confirmed in 1.16 Pre-release 3.
Can confirm in 21w03a.
Can confirm in 21w05a.
Can confirm in 21w05b.
Can confirm in 21w06a.
Can confirm in 21w07a.
Can confirm in 1.16.5 and 21w08b.
Video attached.

Can confirm in 1.17.1.
Can confirm in 1.18.2.
Can confirm in 1.19 and 22w24a.
Also affect the redstone dust.