Thanks for your reply. The servers are run on beefy computers, my server being run on an i5-4670, the linux on an i7.
View distances are the same, being on 8, the normal view distance.
Unless I understood you wrong, Minecraft now has "natural textures" feature from Optifine like MCPatcher implemented in vanilla. Any block you look at will attempt to rotate its texture to create a diverse look, and sand is one of the blocks, making falling sand look different to its original counterpart.
Mod edit: Optifine copied that feature from MCPatcher
/summon Fireball ~ ~-1 ~ {ExplosionPower:255,direction:[0.0,0.0,0.0]} and then /kill @e[type=Fireball]
or something like that.
I'm unable to try it again right now, but when we played I did measure the data stream, and it usually went into ~60 kilobytes/s when spawning in for the first time, and then idle around 5-20 while we were just playing around in both versions. I did find a setting in server.properties that said "network-compression-threshold=128" I changed it to 128 from 256 mid way through playing around, didn't seem to do much.