I run a snapshot server, so roughly with around 6-7 people on, the servers TPS goes to 10-11 when the servers difficulty is easy. When it's put to peaceful it's at 20.
While normally I would call this server lag- In this case I think it's the over amount of mobs spawning, in a span of 5 minutes of mobs being turned on, one of my players were surrounded by 12 skeletons, 3 creepers, 2 endermen and several zombies. This then ended up crashing our server because so many mobs just continued spawning.
Edit: I've done further testing. http://prntscr.com/npjmx9
This is with only one person on, I added a tag to all mobs that spawn and then turned off mob spawning and this is what I've got, I've done this a few times- It goes anywhere around 1250 to 1950, to sometimes somewhere in the 3000, This is not okay.
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The normal rate is for hostile mobs is
70 * [number of distinct chunks loaded by any player with a max of 289] / 289
Which means the more players are scattered around the world, the more mobs could spawn. This does not depends on the difficulty level. Actually the spawning rate was underrated in previous versions due to several issues, and the last one was MC-150218. It works now as we would expect. When in multiplayer, this total cap is of course distributed between players, but you could end up with one player having the "mischance" to receive a larger part of the cap than the others.
Your issue is not really about mobs over-spawning, but more about performance with mobs in general.
12 skeletons, 3 creepers, 2 endermen and several zombies
That's not really an unusual amount of mobs. I'd rather say, that's quite normal.
Reopened, multiple other people have reported exceptionally high spawn rates as well.
However, I believe that the spawn rate just appears to have increased that much because MC-147890 has been fixed.

I set my server difficulty to easy to try to cut down mob spawning and increase performance. There are definitely a lot more mobs in PR2.
Like I said, the difficulty level does not affect the number of mobs that are spawning unless you are on peaceful. Only the raid, the damage amount the mobs are dealing and their gear will differ. Mobs count could have been perceived higher before they fixed issues related to mobs failing to spawn on corners of chunks MC-150218 and also not despawning beyond 128 blocks. MC-149420
A proper mob count has to be done and to compare against expected values to check if this issue is valid.

How do I do a proper mob count?

So I've done a proper mob count. With only 1 Person on. There are 1950 hostile entities. I did this by adding a tag to each hostile mob and then killing them using ./kill @e[tag=hostile].
I've got a feeling that this might be caused by mobs not despawning properly. Could someone confirm that?

On single player. Seems to happen on the edge of a loaded chunk, next to an unloaded one.
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So, how can we change the mob spawn rate? how to move to normal again?
Wait until Mojang comes around to fixing this bug in 1.14.2 or later.

"1.14.2 or later". I really hope it's not later. This is a serious bug that ruins servers because the lag it causes. It can literally make the game unplayable. This shoud be one of the most critical bugs to fix.
I have never seen that many mobs on my map (1.14.2-pre2). Are you able to reproduce this bug from a new world?

I have this issue in 1.14.1 pre-release 2

still happening on 1.14.2 pre 3 and 4

So it's fixed in 1.14.3 pre release 1. but the spawn rate is too small for me in my own world

This issue is definitely still happening. First noticed it while I was holed up in a Shipwreck, and heard a literally non-stop barrage of zombie groans and drowned gurgles around me. I went into spectator mode because I was confused as to why I could barely hear the other members of my realm over the noise, to find literally hundreds of mobs had spawned in the cave system below me. The rest of my members had also been struggling to play for the entire day (we have about five people online at any given time, at about this point, we only had three) due to lag and rubberbanding.
Later, when reaching shore again, I found another huge batch of monsters just standing around on the surface waiting for me and quickly switched into spectator mode again. Even later, when I found a village and night fell, I witnessed an equal or greater amount of mobs spawning in the village, so much so that the iron golems were easily overtaken and groups of dozens of zombies were following around the poor defenseless villagers.
The lag was so bad that the mobs all take maybe one or two steps before freezing in place, every single time they move. Players walk for maybe a chunk before being pulled back several blocks. Flying with an Elytra is all but impossible!
My realm has been updated for 1.14.3 just within the past couple days, and we didn't seem to have this issue as badly before, though my boyfriend has complained of being occasionally ambushed by large groups of mobs out of nowhere over the past several days. I understand the need to increase mob rates for those who have been having issues with getting mobs to spawn, but I think this has gone entirely too much in the other direction. I hope it gets fixed soon, my friends and I would like to play without constant rubberbanding!
[media][media][media]This might just be mobs that spawned in 1.14.2 and haven't despawned yet. Please change your difficulty to peaceful and back again, and check if the issue persists.